3-Digit Column Subtraction with Borrowing / Regrouping

3-Digit Column Subtraction with Borrowing / Regrouping – Maths with Mum

Supporting Lessons

Column Subtraction with Borrowing / Regrouping: Worksheets and Answers

Column Subtraction with Borrowing / Regrouping: Interactive Questions

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Column Subtraction

How to do Column Subtraction with Borrowing / Regrouping

In order to calculate the column subtraction of 592 – 226, we must begin by lining up the numbers so that their digits are in the correct place value columns.

We want to subtract 226, so this must be written below 592.

592 - 226 shown as a column subtraction

We begin with the units column. However, the 6 is larger than the 2, so we can’t subtract it without regrouping.

592 - 226 shown as a column subtraction looking at the tens for borrowing regrouping

We must therefore borrow some units from the tens column. We can borrow from the 9 tens.

592 - 226 shown as a column subtraction borrowing from the tens

We regroup 1 ten to borrow and we carry it over into the units column, next to the 2. In total, we now have 12 units. This leaves us with 8 tens in the tens column.

592 - 226 shown as a column subtraction borrowing regrouping from the tens column

Following this regrouping, we can now subtract the units.

12 – 6 = 6

Next, we look at the tens column.

592 - 226 shown as a column subtraction involving borrowing regrouping

Because we borrowed from the 9, we are now left with 8 tens.

8 – 2 = 6

Finally, we look at the hundreds column.

592 - 226 = 366 shown as a column subtraction with borrowing

5 – 2 = 3

Therefore,

592 – 226 = 366.

Another column subtraction example that we will look at is 674 – 482.

674 – 482 shown as column subtraction looking at the units

Again, we line up the digits of each number according to their place value columns. We start by subtracting the digits in the units column.

4 – 2 = 2

Next, we look at the tens column.

674 – 482 shown as column subtraction borrowing from the hundreds

The 8 is larger than the 7, so we can’t take it away without regrouping. We must therefore borrow from the 6 in the hundreds column.

674 – 482 shown as column subtraction borrowing regrouping from the hundreds

We regroup 1 hundred for the tens column and write it next to the 7. This gives us 17 in the tens column. We are left with 5 in the hundreds column.

674 – 482 shown as column subtraction borrowing regrouping from the hundreds

Following this borrowing, we can now subtract the tens column.

17 – 8 = 9

Finally, we look at the hundreds column.

674 – 482 = 192 shown as column subtraction with borrowing regrouping

Because we borrowed from the 6, we are now left with 5 hundreds.

5 – 4 = 1

Therefore,

674 – 482 = 192.

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